Multiple Choice (Value 29)
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers
the question.
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1.
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During the process of fertilization, which step happens first?
a. | The cell membrane of the egg cell changes. | b. | The sperm’s
nucleus enters the egg cell. | c. | A sperm attaches to a binding site on the egg
cell membrane. | d. | Enzymes break down the protective layer of the egg cell
membrane. |
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2.
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One menstrual cycle usually lasts about a
a. | day. | c. | month. | b. | year. | d. | week. |
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3.
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Menstruation does not occur if the
a. | uterine lining thickens. | c. | progesterone level
falls. | b. | estrogen level falls. | d. | egg is fertilized. |
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4.
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Which of the following is NOT a phase in the menstrual cycle?
a. | ovulation | c. | menstruation | b. | fertilization | d. | luteal |
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5.
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During the menstrual cycle, LH and FSH peak, causing the
a. | corpus luteum to disintegrate. | b. | uterine lining to detach from the
uterus. | c. | the lining of the uterus to thicken. | d. | follicle to release a mature
egg. |
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6.
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If a woman is exposed to HIV during her pregnancy, the
a. | HIV viruses could harm the placenta. | b. | fetus will probably recover quickly from the
disease. | c. | placenta will protect the fetus from the HIV viruses. | d. | HIV viruses can
cross the placenta and harm the fetus. |
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7.
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When during the menstrual cycle does an egg have the best chance of being
fertilized?
a. | the day of ovulation | c. | during the follicular phase | b. | the beginning of the
luteal phase | d. | just before
menstruation |
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8.
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Which organ system is responsible for making and delivering sperm?
a. | endocrine system | c. | nervous system | b. | male reproductive system | d. | female reproductive
system |
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9.
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Which of the following forms during gastrulation?
a. | endoderm | c. | mesoderm | b. | ectoderm | d. | all of the
above |
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10.
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The testes and the ovaries do not begin making active reproductive cells
until
a. | puberty. | c. | gastrulation. | b. | birth. | d. | fertilization. |
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11.
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The placenta connects the
a. | ectoderm to the endoderm. | c. | uterus to the
cervix. | b. | fetus to the mother’s uterus. | d. | umbilical cord to the mother’s
vagina. |
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12.
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Specialized sex cells are known as
a. | gametes. | c. | hormones. | b. | gonads. | d. | organs. |
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13.
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How many ova do the ovaries usually produce?
a. | about 20 per year | c. | 200 million at a time | b. | one between them
each month | d. | one per
day |
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14.
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The chances of fertilization are very good if sperm are present and a(an)
a. | blastocyst is already present. | c. | egg is in the Fallopian
tubes. | b. | woman is menstruating. | d. | all of the above |
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15.
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Which stage of the human life cycle occurs first?
a. | adolescence | c. | childhood | b. | puberty | d. | adulthood |
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16.
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Which of the following processes happens last?
a. | gastrulation | c. | ovulation | b. | implantation | d. | fertilization |
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17.
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Which of the following is characteristic of infancy?
a. | The first signs of aging appear. | b. | An individual reaches 70 percent of her or his
adult height. | c. | Teeth appear. | d. | Puberty begins. |
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18.
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Which structure produces sperm?
a. | vas deferens | c. | seminiferous tubules | b. | epididymis | d. | scrotum |
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19.
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Where does fertilization usually occur?
a. | Fallopian tube | c. | vagina | b. | uterus | d. | ovary |
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20.
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All of the following usually occur during adolescence EXCEPT
a. | a growth spurt. | b. | the appearance of first permanent
teeth. | c. | puberty. | d. | secondary sex
characteristics. |
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21.
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Testosterone is needed for the development of
a. | the uterus. | c. | sperm. | b. | eggs. | d. | all of the
above |
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22.
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the female reproductive
system?
a. | to prepare the body to carry an embryo | b. | to produce eggs | c. | to deliver
sperm | d. | to release eggs into the Fallopian tubes |
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23.
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What is the result of gastrulation?
a. | germ layers | c. | a blastocyst | b. | the amnion | d. | a zygote |
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24.
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Which hormones stimulate the gonads to mature?
a. | estrogens | c. | androgens | b. | FSH and LH | d. | testosterone and
progesterone |
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25.
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Which of the following are required for fertilization to occur inside the female
body?
a. | An egg must be present in the Fallopian tube. | b. | The nucleus of a
sperm must enter an egg cell. | c. | Sperm must swim into a Fallopian
tube. | d. | all of the above |
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26.
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Which of the following is a function of the placenta?
a. | protecting the fetus from any drugs or alcohol in the mother’s
body | b. | providing nutrients to the fetus | c. | cushioning and protecting the
fetus | d. | mixing the blood of the mother and the fetus |
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27.
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Which of the following usually develop(s) during childhood?
a. | personality | b. | long bones, to 80 percent of adult
height | c. | social skills | d. | all of the
above |
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28.
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A zygote is a
a. | two-celled embryo. | c. | solid ball of about 50 cells. | b. | fertilized
egg. | d. | blastocyst. |
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29.
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Puberty usually begins between the ages of
a. | 5 and 8. | c. | 16 and 19. | b. | 20 and 25. | d. | 9 and 15. |
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Modified True/False (value 9)
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false,
change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
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30.
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The process of a sperm joining an egg is called gastrulation.
_________________________
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31.
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If the placenta were to detach from the mother’s uterus early, the
embryo would stop receiving food and oxygen. _________________________
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32.
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A female is born with immature eggs and does not produce any new eggs
during her lifetime. _________________________
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33.
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If the primary germ layers fail to form normally during gastrulation, the
embryo could develop misshapen organs. _________________________
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34.
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During puberty the reproductive system becomes fully functional.
_________________________
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35.
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In a 28-day menstrual cycle, menstruation usually begins on the 14th day
of the menstrual cycle. _________________________
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36.
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Infancy ends at about two years of age. _________________________
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37.
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The male reproductive system and the female reproductive system develop from
the same tissues in the embryo. _________________________
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38.
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The highest level of physical strength and development occurs during
adolescence. _________________________
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Completion (Value 9)
Complete
each statement.
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39.
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____________________ is a period of rapid growth and sexual maturation during
which the reproductive system becomes fully functional.
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40.
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During ____________________, three germ layers form. They are called
____________________, ectoderm, and mesoderm.
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41.
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The placenta is the connection between the ____________________ and the
developing fetus.
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42.
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If a woman is not ovulating, there is no chance of ____________________.
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43.
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The life cycle after birth is as follows: infancy, ____________________,
adolescence, and ____________________.
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44.
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In the female body, each egg is surrounded by a ____________________, which
breaks open when the egg is mature.
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45.
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If the temperature of the scrotum increases by 5º Celsius,
____________________ may not develop properly.
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Short Answer: Complete one of three (Value 2)
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46.
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Which structures will sperm pass through in the male and female bodies on their
way to fertilizing an egg?
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47.
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What determines whether a human embryo will develop into a male or a
female?
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48.
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Many sperm will take the same path toward fertilizing an egg. What prevents more
than one sperm from fertilizing an egg?
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