Multiple Choice (Value 20) + one bonus Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers
the question.
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1.
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Gregor Mendel used pea plants to study
a. | flowering. | c. | the inheritance of traits. | b. | gamete
formation. | d. | cross-pollination. |
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2.
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Offspring that result from crosses between parents with different traits
a. | are true-breeding. | c. | make up the parental generation. | b. | make up the
F2 generation. | d. | are called hybrids. |
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3.
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The chemical factors that determine traits are called
a. | alleles. | c. | genes. | b. | traits. | d. | characters. |
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4.
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Gregor Mendel concluded that traits are
a. | not inherited by offspring. | b. | inherited through the passing of factors from
parents to offspring. | c. | determined by dominant factors
only. | d. | determined by recessive factors only. |
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5.
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The principle of dominance states that
a. | all alleles are dominant. | b. | all alleles are recessive. | c. | some alleles are
dominant and others are recessive. | d. | alleles are neither dominant nor
recessive. |
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6.
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When Gregor Mendel crossed true-breeding tall plants with true-breeding short
plants, all the offspring were tall because
a. | the allele for tall plants is recessive. | b. | the allele for short
plants is dominant. | c. | the allele for tall plants is
dominant. | d. | they were true-breeding like their parents. |
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7.
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If a pea plant has a recessive allele for green peas, it will produce
a. | green peas if it also has a dominant allele for yellow peas. | b. | both green peas and
yellow peas if it also has a dominant allele for yellow peas. | c. | green peas if it
does not also have a dominant allele for yellow peas. | d. | yellow peas if it does not also have a dominant
allele for green peas. |
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8.
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In the P generation, a tall plant was crossed with a short plant. If alleles did
not segregate during gamete formation,
a. | all of the F1 plants would be short. | b. | some of the
F1 plants would be tall and some would be short. | c. | all of the
F2 would be short. | d. | all of the F2 plants would be
tall. |
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9.
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The principles of probability can be used to
a. | predict the traits of the offspring produced by genetic crosses. | b. | determine the actual
outcomes of genetic crosses. | c. | predict the traits of the parents used in
genetic crosses. | d. | decide which organisms are best to use in genetic
crosses. |
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10.
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A heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short plant. The probability
that an F1 plant will be tall is
a. | 25%. | c. | 75%. | b. | 50%. | d. | 100%. |
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11.
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In the Punnett square shown in Figure 11–1, which of the following is true
about the offspring resulting from the cross?
a. | About half are expected to be short. | c. | About half are expected to be
tall. | b. | All are expected to be short. | d. | All are expected to be
tall. |
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12.
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A Punnett square shows all of the following EXCEPT
a. | all possible results of a genetic cross. | b. | the genotypes of the
offspring. | c. | the alleles in the gametes of each parent. | d. | the actual results
of a genetic cross. |
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13.
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If you made a Punnett square showing Gregor Mendel’s cross between
true-breeding tall plants and true-breeding short plants, the square would show that the offspring
had
a. | the genotype of one of the parents. | b. | a phenotype that was different from that of
both parents. | c. | a genotype that was different from that of both parents. | d. | the genotype of both
parents. |
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14.
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What principle states that during gamete formation genes for different traits
separate without influencing each other’s inheritance?
a. | principle of dominance | c. | principle of probabilities | b. | principle of
independent assortment | d. | principle of segregation |
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RrYy | | | RY
| Ry
| rY
| ry
| | | RY
| RRYY
| RRYy
| RrYY
| RrYy
| Seed Shape R
= Round r = Wrinkled |
RrYy | Ry
| RRYy
| RRyy
| RrYy
| Rryy
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Seed Color Y = Yellow y =
Green | rY
| RrYY
| RrYy
| rrYY
| rrYy
| | ry
| RrYy
| Rryy
| rrYy
| rryy
| | | | | | | | |
Figure
11–2
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15.
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The Punnett square in Figure 11–2 shows that the gene for pea shape and
the gene for pea color
a. | assort independently. | c. | have the same alleles. | b. | are
linked. | d. | are always
homozygous. |
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16.
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How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by
a pea plant whose genotype was RrYY?
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17.
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If a pea plant that is heterozygous for round, yellow peas (RrYy) is
crossed with a pea plant that is homozygous for round peas but heterozygous for yellow peas
(RRYy), how many different phenotypes are their offspring expected to show?
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18.
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Situations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over
another allele for that gene are called
a. | multiple alleles. | c. | polygenic inheritance. | b. | incomplete
dominance. | d. | multiple
genes. |
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19.
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A cross of a black chicken (BB) with a white chicken (WW) produces
all speckled offspring (BBWW). This type of inheritance is known as
a. | incomplete dominance. | c. | codominance. | b. | polygenic inheritance. | d. | multiple
alleles. |
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20.
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Variation in human skin color is an example of
a. | incomplete dominance. | c. | polygenic traits. | b. | codominance. | d. | multiple
alleles. |
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21.
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Gregor Mendel’s principles of genetics apply to
a. | plants only. | c. | pea plants only. | b. | animals only. | d. | all organisms. |
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Modified True/False (Value 7) Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false,
change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
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22.
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A trait is a specific characteristic that varies from one individual to
another. _________________________
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23.
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Gregor Mendel concluded that the tall plants in the P generation passed the
factor for tallness to the F1 generation. _________________________
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24.
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An organism with a dominant allele for a particular form of a trait will
sometimes exhibit that trait. _________________________
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25.
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The principles of probability can explain the numerical results of
Mendel’s experiments. _________________________
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26.
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The probability that a gamete produced by a pea plant heterozygous for stem
height (Tt) will contain the recessive allele is 100%. _________________________
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27.
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If two speckled chickens are mated, according to the principle of codominance,
25% of the offspring are expected to be speckled. _________________________
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28.
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Coat color in rabbits is determined by a single gene that has multiple
alleles. _________________________
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Short Answer (Value 1)
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29.
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Define genetics.
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