Multiple Choice Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which pair is correct?
a. | G1 phase, DNA replication | c. | S phase, cell
division | b. | G2 phase, preparation for mitosis | d. | M phase, cell
growth |
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2.
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Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about the events of the cell
cycle?
a. | Interphase is usually the longest phase. | b. | DNA replicates
during the S phase. | c. | Cell division ends with
cytokinesis. | d. | The size of the cell increases during the G2
phase. |
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3.
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During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the
dividing cell?
a. | prophase | c. | metaphase | b. | telophase | d. | anaphase |
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4.
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During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having four chromosomes will
produce two daughter cells, each containing
a. | two chromosomes. | c. | eight chromosomes. | b. | four chromosomes. | d. | sixteen
chromosomes. |
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5.
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Cells grown in a petri dish tend to divide until they form a thin layer covering
the bottom of the dish. If cells are removed from the middle of the dish, the cells bordering the
open space will begin dividing until they have filled the empty space. What does this experiment
show?
a. | When cells come into contact with other cells, they stop growing. | b. | The controls on cell
growth and division can be turned on and off. | c. | Cell division can be regulated by factors
outside the cell. | d. | all of the
above |
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6.
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When cytoplasm from a cell that is undergoing mitosis is injected into a cell
that is in interphase, the second cell
a. | stays in interphase. | c. | stops making cyclin. | b. | enters mitosis. | d. | loses its p53. |
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7.
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Which of the following regulate(s) the cell cycle?
a. | growth factors | c. | p53 | b. | cyclins | d. | all of the
above |
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8.
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Gregor Mendel removed the male parts from the flowers of some plants in order
to
a. | prevent hybrids from forming. | b. | prevent cross-pollination. | c. | stimulate
self-pollination. | d. | make controlled crosses between
plants. |
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9.
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The principle of dominance states that
a. | all alleles are dominant. | b. | all alleles are recessive. | c. | some alleles are
dominant and others are recessive. | d. | alleles are neither dominant nor
recessive. |
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10.
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When Gregor Mendel crossed true-breeding tall plants with true-breeding short
plants, all the offspring were tall because
a. | the allele for tall plants is recessive. | b. | the allele for short
plants is dominant. | c. | the allele for tall plants is
dominant. | d. | they were true-breeding like their parents. |
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11.
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If a pea plant has a recessive allele for green peas, it will produce
a. | green peas if it also has a dominant allele for yellow peas. | b. | both green peas and
yellow peas if it also has a dominant allele for yellow peas. | c. | green peas if it
does not also have a dominant allele for yellow peas. | d. | yellow peas if it does not also have a dominant
allele for green peas. |
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12.
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A heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short plant. The probability
that an F1 plant will be tall is
a. | 25%. | c. | 75%. | b. | 50%. | d. | 100%. |
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13.
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Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to
be
a. | hybrid. | c. | heterozygous. | b. | homozygous. | d. | dominant. |
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14.
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A Punnett square shows all of the following EXCEPT
a. | all possible results of a genetic cross. | b. | the genotypes of the
offspring. | c. | the alleles in the gametes of each parent. | d. | the actual results
of a genetic cross. |
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15.
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How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by
a pea plant whose genotype was RrYY?
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16.
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Situations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over
another allele for that gene are called
a. | multiple alleles. | c. | polygenic inheritance. | b. | incomplete
dominance. | d. | multiple
genes. |
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17.
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A cross of a black chicken (BB) with a white chicken (WW) produces
all speckled offspring (BBWW). This type of inheritance is known as
a. | incomplete dominance. | c. | codominance. | b. | polygenic inheritance. | d. | multiple
alleles. |
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18.
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A male and female bison that are both heterozygous for normal skin pigmentation
(Aa) produce an albino offspring (aa). Which of Mendel’s principles explain(s)
why the offspring is albino?
a. | dominance only | c. | dominance and segregation | b. | independent
assortment only | d. | segregation
only |
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19.
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Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
a. | diploid cells. | c. | 2N daughter cells. | b. | haploid cells. | d. | body cells. |
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20.
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Gene maps are based on
a. | the frequencies of crossing-over between genes. | b. | independent
assortment. | c. | genetic diversity. | d. | the number of genes in a
cell. |
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21.
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If two genes are on the same chromosome and rarely assort independently,
a. | crossing-over never occurs between the genes. | b. | crossing-over always
occurs between the genes. | c. | the genes are probably located far apart from
each other. | d. | the genes are probably located close to each other. |
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22.
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Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
a. | ribose + phosphate group + thymine | b. | ribose + phosphate group +
uracil | c. | deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil | d. | deoxyribose + phosphate group +
cytosine |
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23.
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During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand
with the bases
a. | TCGAAC. | c. | AGCTTG. | b. | GATCCA. | d. | GAUCCA. |
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24.
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RNA contains the sugar
a. | ribose. | c. | glucose. | b. | deoxyribose. | d. | lactose. |
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25.
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Which type(s) of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis?
a. | transfer RNA only | b. | messenger RNA only | c. | ribosomal RNA and
transfer RNA only | d. | messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer
RNA |
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26.
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Which of the following statements is false?
a. | Some genes code for enzymes. | b. | The instructions for making some proteins are
not specified by genes. | c. | An organism’s inherited traits depend on
proteins. | d. | An organism’s genes determine its inherited
traits. |
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27.
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In E. coli, the lac operon controls the
a. | breakdown of lactose. | c. | breakdown of glucose. | b. | production of
lactose. | d. | production of
glucose. |
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28.
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Gene regulation in eukaryotes
a. | usually involves operons. | b. | is simpler than in
prokaryotes. | c. | allows for cell specialization. | d. | includes the action of an operator
region. |
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29.
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Which of the following statements is false?
a. | Mutations do not occur in hox genes. | b. | Hox genes that are found in different animals
are very different from each other. | c. | Hox genes control the normal development of an
animal. | d. | Hox genes occur in clusters. |
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30.
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Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. | Inbreeding and hybridization are opposite processes. | b. | A hybrid plant has
all the characteristics of both its parents. | c. | Inbreeding can produce an offspring that has a
defect that neither parent shows. | d. | Hybridization is used to produce new varieties
of plants and animals. |
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31.
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Scientists can transform plant cells by
a. | using the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. | b. | removing the plant
cell walls and then mixing the cells with DNA. | c. | injecting DNA into the plant
cells. | d. | all of the above |
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32.
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Why is Dolly a clone?
a. | The source of her DNA was a single body cell. | b. | The DNA molecules in
all her cells are identical. | c. | She was produced using the DNA from an
adult’s egg cell. | d. | She is genetically identical to her
offspring. |
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33.
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In a pedigree, a circle represents a(an)
a. | male. | c. | child. | b. | female. | d. | adult. |
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34.
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If a man with blood type A and a woman with blood type B produce an offspring,
what might be the offspring’s blood type?
a. | AB or O | c. | A, B, AB, or O | b. | A, B, or O | d. | AB only |
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35.
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Sickle cell disease is caused by a
a. | change in one DNA base. | b. | change in the size of a
chromosome. | c. | change in two genes. | d. | change in the number of chromosomes in a
cell. |
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36.
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Compared with normal hemoglobin, the hemoglobin of a person with sickle cell
disease
a. | is longer. | b. | is shorter. | c. | has a different
sequence of amino acids. | d. | is wider. |
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37.
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The sequencing of human chromosomes 21 and 22 showed that
a. | some regions of chromosomes do not code for proteins. | b. | all of the DNA of
chromosomes codes for proteins. | c. | different chromosomes have the same number of
genes. | d. | different chromosomes contain the same number of DNA
bases. |
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38.
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Because the X chromosome contains genes that are vital for normal development,
no baby has been born
a. | with one X chromosome. | c. | without an X chromosome. | b. | with three X
chromosomes. | d. | with four X
chromosomes. |
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39.
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Scientists test for alleles that cause human genetic disorders by
a. | making karyotypes. | b. | making DNA fingerprints. | c. | detecting the DNA
sequences found in those alleles. | d. | making
pedigrees. |
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40.
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The process of DNA fingerprinting is based on the fact that
a. | the most important genes are different among most people. | b. | no two people,
except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA. | c. | most genes are dominant. | d. | most people have DNA
that contains repeats. |
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Modified True/False Indicate
whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
statement true.
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41.
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As a cell’s size increases, it places more demands on its DNA.
_________________________
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42.
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Typically, the longest phase of mitosis is metaphase.
_________________________
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43.
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A trait is a specific characteristic that varies from one individual to
another. _________________________
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44.
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During the formation of gametes in a hybrid tall plant, the tall allele and the
short allele stay together. _________________________
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45.
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If the alleles for a trait did not segregate during gamete formation, offspring
would always show the trait of at least one of the parents. _________________________
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46.
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The principles of probability can explain the numerical results of
Mendel’s experiments. _________________________
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47.
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The probability that a gamete produced by a pea plant heterozygous for stem
height (Tt) will contain the recessive allele is 100%. _________________________
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48.
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If two speckled chickens are mated, according to the principle of codominance,
25% of the offspring are expected to be speckled. _________________________
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49.
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If an organism has 16 chromosomes in each of its egg cells, the organism’s
diploid number is 32. _________________________
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50.
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DNA is tightly wrapped around nucleosomes.
_________________________
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51.
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In eukaryotes, DNA replication proceeds in one direction along the DNA
molecule. _________________________
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52.
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The three types of RNA are messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal
RNA. _________________________
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53.
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DNA codes for the DNA polymerase enzyme. _________________________
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54.
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In prokaryotes, an operon is a group of genes that are operated together.
_________________________
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55.
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Exposing a population of plants to radiation or certain chemicals can increase
the frequency of mutations that occur within the population. _________________________
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56.
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To transform a plant, scientists inject protein into a plant cell.
_________________________
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57.
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Some transgenic animals grow faster because they have extra copies of
growth hormone genes. _________________________
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58.
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To produce a cloned sheep, Ian Wilmut removed the nucleus from a sheep’s
body cell and injected the cell with a nucleus taken from a body cell of another adult sheep.
_________________________
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59.
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In a human karyotype, 44 of the chromosomes are autosomes.
_________________________
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60.
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A person who has Down syndrome has two copies of chromosome 21.
_________________________
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