Matching (Value 10)
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | substituent | e. | asymmetric carbon | b. | structural isomers | f. | trans configuration | c. | geometric
isomers | g. | cis
configuration | d. | stereoisomers |
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1.
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atom or group of atoms that can take the place of a hydrogen in a parent
hydrocarbon molecule
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2.
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compounds that have the same molecular formula, but the atoms are joined in a
different order
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3.
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arrangement in which substituted groups are on the same side of a double
bond
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4.
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molecules in which atoms are joined in the same order but differ in the
arrangements of their atoms in space
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5.
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compounds that differ in the orientation of groups around a double bond
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6.
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carbon atom to which four different atoms or groups are attached
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | aromatic compound | d. | lignite | b. | aliphatic hydrocarbon | e. | bituminous coal | c. | anthracite
coal |
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7.
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any straight-chain or branched-chain alkane, alkene, or alkyne
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8.
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hard coal, having a carbon content of over 80%
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9.
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brown coal, having a carbon content of approximately 50%
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10.
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soft coal, having a carbon content of 70–80%
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Multiple Choice (Value 22) Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers
the question.
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11.
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How many covalent bonds can each carbon atom form?
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12.
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Which of the following is a condensed structural formula for propane?
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13.
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What is the physical state of the smallest alkanes at room temperature?
a. | gas | c. | solid | b. | liquid | d. | gas or liquid |
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14.
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What is the increment of change in a series of straight-chain alkanes?
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15.
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The condensed structural formula for 2,2,3-trimethylbutane is ____.
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16.
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In which of the following liquids is hexane most likely to dissolve?
a. | aqueous ammonium hydroxide | c. | rubbing alcohol | b. | vinegar | d. | octane |
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17.
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An organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen and at least one
carbon-carbon triple bond is classified as an ____.
a. | alkane | c. | alkyne | b. | alkene | d. | arene |
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18.
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How are hydrogen atoms arranged in ethene?
a. | in the same plane, separated by angles of 120 | b. | in different planes, separated by angles of 120 | c. | in the same plane, separated by angles of 180 | d. | in different planes, separated by angles of 180 |
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19.
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Which of the following compounds is a structural isomer of butane?
a. | 2-methylbutane | c. | 2-methylpropane | b. | 2,2-dimethylbutane | d. | 2,2-diethylpropane |
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20.
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A structural isomer of hexane is ____.
a. | 2,2-dimethylbutane | c. | benzene | b. | cyclohexane | d. | 2-methylpentene |
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21.
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Alkanes do not have geometric isomers because the carbon atoms in their
carbon-carbon bonds are ____.
a. | double bonds | c. | free to rotate | b. | quite polar | d. | asymmetric |
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22.
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Which hydrocarbon rings are most common in nature?
a. | rings with 3 or 4 carbon atoms | c. | rings with 5 or 6 carbon
atoms | b. | rings with 4 or 5 carbon atoms | d. | rings with 6 or 7 carbon
atoms |
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23.
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Which of the following molecules does NOT display resonance?
a. | benzene | c. | m-xylene | b. | phenylethane | d. | cyclohexane |
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24.
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Which of the following is NOT a fraction obtained from crude oil?
a. | ammonia | c. | gasoline | b. | natural gas | d. | kerosene |
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25.
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Which of the following is NOT a product obtained from the distillation of coal
tar?
a. | benzene | c. | coke | b. | phenol | d. | toluene |
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26.
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Which halocarbon has the highest boiling point?
a. | 1-chloropropane | c. | 1,2,3-trichloropropane | b. | 2-chloropropane | d. | 2-dichloropropane |
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27.
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Which of the following compounds is trichloromethane?
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28.
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Which of the following compounds is a glycol?
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29.
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Which pair of formulas represents the same compound?
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30.
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In an addition reaction, which bond of the reactant is broken?
a. | carbon—carbon single bond | c. | carbon—carbon double
bond | b. | carbon—hydrogen single bond | d. | carbon—hydrogen double
bond |
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31.
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Which of these compounds would you expect to be most soluble in water?
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32.
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Which carbon skeleton represents an ether?
a. | C¾C¾C¾O¾C¾C¾C | c. |
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| d. | none of the
above |
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Short Answer (Value 3)
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33.
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How many more hydrogen atoms does a cyclohexane molecule have than a benzene
molecule?
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34.
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Write the general structure for ester compounds.
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35.
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Complete the condensation polymerization reaction between two amino acids to
form a peptide bond:
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Numeric Response (Value 3)
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36.
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How many arrangements are possible for two methyl groups with respect to a rigid
double bond?
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37.
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How many forms of coal are there?
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38.
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What percent of the composition of natural gas is methane?
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Essay (Value 4)
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39.
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Describe in your own words what the difference is between unsaturated and
saturated hydrocarbons. What is a saturated compound saturated with?
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40.
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Why is benzene not as reactive as other six-carbon alkenes?
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