Multiple Choice (Value 20)
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers
the question.
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1.
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When the blood pressure is constantly too high, the condition is
known as
a. | atherosclerosis. | c. | a stroke. | b. | a heart attack. | d. | hypertension. |
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2.
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Which of the following is true about blood pressure?
a. | It is not affected by atherosclerosis. | b. | Diastolic pressure is higher than systolic
pressure. | c. | It drops a great deal when traveling through arteries. | d. | It is lower in veins
than in arteries. |
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3.
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Which of the following is NOT a part of the circulatory system?
a. | heart | c. | blood | b. | blood vessels | d. | air passageway |
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4.
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Which body system acts in a way similar to a transportation system?
a. | circulatory | c. | respiratory | b. | excretory | d. | nervous |
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5.
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Which of the following is NOT an effect of exercise on veins?
a. | Exercise helps increase the size of veins. | b. | Exercise helps keep
blood from accumulating and stretching veins. | c. | Exercise helps keep the walls around veins
strong. | d. | Exercise helps force blood through the veins. |
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6.
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Where are the cells that make up the sinoatrial node, or pacemaker,
located?
a. | right atrium | c. | left atrium | b. | right ventricle | d. | left ventricle |
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7.
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Which of the following pathways is the largest of the circulatory system?
a. | coronary circulation | c. | lymphatic circulation | b. | systemic
circulation | d. | pulmonary
circulation |
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8.
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Which of the following is correct about the composition of plasma?
a. | It contains no water. | c. | It is 90 percent water. | b. | It is 10 percent
water. | d. | It is 50 percent
water. |
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9.
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A blood pressure reading of 120/80
a. | indicates a systolic blood pressure of 120. | b. | indicates a
diastolic blood prssure of 120. | c. | is determined by using a sphygmomanometer to
measure blood pressure in the veins. | d. | is an indication of hypertension in a resting
adult. |
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10.
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Which of the following is NOT a type of blood vessel?
a. | lymphatic cell | c. | vein | b. | capillary | d. | artery |
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11.
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If a person gets food stuck in his or her windpipe, it probably means
that
a. | oxygen failed to exchange with carbon dioxide. | b. | the person
temporarily lost the ability to produce ATP. | c. | the food entered the mouth incorrectly.
| d. | a flap of tissue, the epiglottis, failed to cover the entrance to the trachea when
the person swallowed. |
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Figure
37–1
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12.
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In Figure 37–1, what does Step B show?
a. | a clot forming | c. | the capillary wall breaking | b. | the conversion of
fibrinogen into fibrin | d. | the
clumping of platelets |
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13.
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The roads of a city are similar to what structures in the circulatory
system?
a. | heart | c. | blood | b. | blood vessels | d. | air passageway |
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14.
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Which of the following are the smallest of the blood vessels?
a. | veins | c. | capillaries | b. | lymphatic cells | d. | arteries |
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15.
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?
a. | carry fat-soluble vitamins to the blood | b. | filter
fluid | c. | absorb protein | d. | collect and return lost fluid to the
circulatory system |
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16.
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Which plasma proteins help to regulate osmotic pressure and blood volume?
a. | platelets | c. | fibrinogens | b. | globulins | d. | albumins |
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17.
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The process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between cells, the
blood, and air in the lungs is called
a. | respiration. | c. | emphysema. | b. | systemic circulation. | d. | cellular
respiration. |
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18.
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Which organ helps to regulate blood pressure?
a. | spleen | c. | liver | b. | kidney | d. | gall bladder |
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19.
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In the heart, the mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood is prevented by
the
a. | pericardium. | c. | septum. | b. | mitral valve. | d. | tricuspid
valve. |
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20.
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How much blood does the human body contain?
a. | 12–14 liters | c. | 4–6 liters | b. | 8–10 liters | d. | 1–2
liters |
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Modified True/False (Value 10)
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false,
change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
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21.
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If you have “swollen glands,” you actually have swollen lymph
nodes. _________________________
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22.
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Lung cancer is defined as a loss of elasticity in the tissues of the
lungs. _________________________
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23.
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At the bottom of the chest cavity is a large, flat muscle known as the
pleural membrane. _________________________
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24.
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Gas exchange occurs by diffusion across the membrane of an alveolus and a
capillary. _________________________
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25.
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White blood cells called basophils engulf and digest
bacteria._________________________
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26.
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About 45 percent of the volume of blood consists of plasma.
_________________________
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27.
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Lymph nodes act as filters, trapping bacteria and other microorganisms
that cause disease. _________________________
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28.
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The first number of a blood pressure measurement is the diastolic
pressure. _________________________
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29.
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The lower chamber of each side of the heart, which pumps blood out of the heart,
is the atrium. _________________________
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30.
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The brain controls breathing in a center located in the medulla
oblongata. _________________________
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Completion (Value 5)
Complete
each statement.
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31.
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Fatty deposits called plaque build up on the walls of arteries, causing a
condition known as ____________________.
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32.
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A circulating fluid called ____________________ is pumped through a system of
vessels in the body.
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33.
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Inhaled air passes from the trachea to one of the two
____________________.
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34.
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Plasma consists mostly of ____________________.
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35.
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Breathing is such an important function that your ____________________ system
will not let you have complete control over it.
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Short Answer (Value 5)
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Figure
37–2
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36.
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Based on Figure 37–2, what three blood vessels carry oxygen-poor
blood?
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37.
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Name and describe three respiratory diseases that can be caused by
smoking.
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38.
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Suppose a person receives an injury that causes bleeding. Briefly describe the
possible role each type of blood cell might play in helping that person recover.
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39.
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Identify and compare the functions of the three types of blood vessels of the
circulatory system.
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40.
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In what stage of breathing is the total volume of the chest cavity
largest?
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Essay (Value 10)
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41.
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Consider the roles of valves and blood vessel walls in moving blood through the
body. If you were given a strand of flexible tubing and a small piece of plastic, how might you
design a simple model that would simulate those roles?
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42.
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What is the lymphatic system, and what are its functions?
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43.
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Why is it better to inhale through your nose than through your mouth?
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44.
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Why do many smokers cough a lot?
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45.
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Why can’t a person hold a breath long enough to harm his or her body from
a lack of oxygen?
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