Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
|
|
|
1.
|
A plant is a(an)
a. | unicellular prokaryote. | c. | unicellular
eukaryote. | b. | multicellular prokaryote. | d. | multicellular eukaryote. |
|
|
|
2.
|
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all plants?
a. | are eukaryotic | c. | produce seeds | b. | have cell walls | d. | are
multicellular |
|
|
|
3.
|
To produce spores, all plants must undergo
a. | mitosis. | c. | fertilization. | b. | meiosis. | d. | asexual
reproduction. |
|
|
|
4.
|
Plants use the energy of sunlight to
a. | exchange gases with the atmosphere. | c. | carry out cellular
respiration. | b. | take in water from the soil. | d. | carry out
photosynthesis. |
|
|
|
5.
|
Without gas exchange, a plant would be unable to
a. | make food. | c. | make minerals. | b. | absorb sunlight. | d. | absorb water from the
soil. |
|
|
|
6.
|
Which of the following is true?
a. | Plants have adaptations that minimize light absorption. | b. | Plants require less
water on sunny days. | c. | Plants get the water they need from the
soil. | d. | Plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and do not use
oxygen. |
|
|
|
7.
|
Living on land required that plants
a. | evolve photosynthetic pigments. | c. | exchange gases. | b. | conserve
water. | d. | have cell
walls. |
|
|
|
8.
|
Which of the following statements is true about bryophytes?
a. | They have specialized tissues that conduct water. | b. | They draw up water
by osmosis. | c. | They are not highly dependent on water. | d. | They are a group of
plants made up of algae and mosses. |
|
|
|
9.
|
Of the following locations, you would be most likely to find mosses growing
in
a. | hot, dry, mineral-poor soil. | c. | low, shaded ground near a small
pond. | b. | sandy soil near a beach. | d. | high, exposed ground with direct sun. |
|
|
|
10.
|
Because bryophytes do not have vascular tissue, they
a. | obtain all their water from the surrounding air. | b. | have true roots,
stems, and leaves. | c. | show alternation of
generations. | d. | grow close to the ground. |
|
|
|
11.
|
Which one of the following structures has functions similar to that of
roots?
a. | gemma | c. | capsule | b. | rhizoid | d. | stalk |
|
|
|
12.
|
In liverworts, the structures that produce eggs and sperm look like
a. | fronds. | c. | liver. | b. | horns. | d. | tiny green
umbrellas. |
|
|
|
13.
|
Which of the following is true about mosses?
a. | They are the least common bryophytes. | b. | Long, thin cells called rhizoids anchor them in
the ground. | c. | They are very rare in polar regions. | d. | Some mosses form clumps of green sporophytes
growing together. |
|
|
|
14.
|
What is the sperm-producing structure of a bryophyte?
a. | gemma | c. | rhizoid | b. | archegonium | d. | antheridium |
|
|
|
15.
|
Which of the following is LEAST related to the others?
a. | protonema | c. | gametophyte | b. | sporophyte | d. | rhizoid |
|
|
|
16.
|
The immediate result of fertilization in mosses is a(an)
a. | gametophyte. | c. | antheridium. | b. | zygote. | d. | spore. |
|
|
|
17.
|
Which of the following includes all the others?
a. | xylem | c. | phloem | b. | vascular tissue | d. | tracheids |
|
|
|
18.
|
Xylem and phloem are NOT
a. | conducting tissues. | c. | present in bryophytes. | b. | vascular
tissues. | d. | present in
ferns. |
|
|
|
19.
|
Xylem tissue is important to ferns because it
a. | can conduct water over long distances. | b. | allows water to diffuse into the
roots. | c. | carries carbohydrates to all parts of the plant. | d. | allows ferns to
reproduce in dry environments. |
|
|
|
20.
|
Horsetails do NOT
a. | have xylem tissue. | c. | have roots. | b. | produce seeds. | d. | have phloem
tissue. |
|
|
|
21.
|
Which of the following structures in ferns is diploid?
a. | gametophyte | c. | egg | b. | sporangium | d. | spore |
|
|
|
22.
|
How is the fern life cycle different from the moss life cycle?
a. | A fern gametophyte always has both archegonia and antheridia. | b. | The young
gametophyte is haploid. | c. | The mature sporophyte is
diploid. | d. | The mature sporophyte grows from the gametophyte. |
|
|
|
23.
|
Which of the following includes a plant embryo, a food supply, and a protective
covering?
a. | pollen grain | c. | seed | b. | spore | d. | gametophyte |
|
|
|
24.
|
The gametophytes of gymnosperms are found inside reproductive structures
called
a. | flowers. | c. | embryos. | b. | cones. | d. | angiosperms. |
|
|
|
25.
|
Which of the following statements is true?
a. | Seed plants grow only where seedless plants cannot grow. | b. | The evolution of
seed plants caused many species of mosses and ferns to become extinct. | c. | Early seed plants
were successful because they were adapted to moist environments. | d. | There are no fossils
of early seed plants. |
|
|
|
26.
|
The four groups of gymnosperms are conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, and
a. | bryophytes. | c. | liverworts. | b. | horsetails. | d. | gnetophytes. |
|
|
|
27.
|
Angiosperms produce seeds inside protective structures called
a. | pollen grains. | c. | ovaries. | b. | cones. | d. | petals. |
|
|
|
28.
|
Which term below is least closely related to the others?
a. | fruit | c. | ovary | b. | seed | d. | cone |
|
|
|
29.
|
An example of a monocot is a
a. | tomato. | c. | rose. | b. | lily. | d. | daisy. |
|
|
|
30.
|
Which type of plant lives the longest?
a. | annual | c. | perennial | b. | biennial | d. | seasonal |
|
Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
statement true.
|
|
|
31.
|
Losing excessive amounts of water through evaporation may affect a plant’s
ability to carry out photosynthesis. _________________________
|
|
|
38
Figure
22–1
|
|
|
32.
|
Figure 22–1 shows the evolutionary relationship of the major plant
groups living on Earth today. _________________________
|
|
|
33.
|
Bryophytes are low-growing because they lack vascular tissue.
_________________________
|
|
|
34.
|
Bryophytes include ferns, liverworts, and hornworts.
_________________________
|
|
|
35.
|
Having archegonia and antheridia located on the same moss plant would help
ensure fertilization. _________________________
|
|
|
36.
|
Xylem tissue transports solutions of nutrients and carbohydrates produced
by photosynthesis. _________________________
|
|
|
37.
|
The thick cell walls of tracheids prevent the cells from bulging when
water moves through them. _________________________
|
|
|
38.
|
A frond is part of a fern’s haploid stage.
_________________________
|
|
|
39.
|
If a seed has two cotyledons, it will have fibrous roots.
_________________________
|
|
|
40.
|
Biennials are pollinated during their first year of growth.
_________________________
|
Completion
Complete each
statement.
|
|
|
38
Figure
22–1
|
|
|
41.
|
According to Figure 22–1, cone-bearing plants evolved before
____________________.
|
|
|
42.
|
The process by which bryophytes draw water into their cells from the environment
is called ____________________.
|
|
|
43.
|
In moss plants, the diploid zygote is the beginning of the ____________________
stage of the life cycle.
|
|
|
44.
|
Most seeds can survive extreme heat for long periods because they have a(an)
____________________.
|
|
|
45.
|
Farmers must plant wheat each year because wheat is a(an)
____________________.
|
Short Answer
|
|
|
46.
|
How are the rhizoids of mosses similar to roots? How are they different?
|
|
|
47.
|
Why are the roots, stems, and leaves of ferns and their relatives considered to
be true?
|
|
|
48.
|
Describe the structure of a fern gametophyte.
|
|
|
49.
|
What could cause an angiosperm seedling to grow a long distance from the
location of its parent plant?
|
|
|
50.
|
Contrast the number of cotyledons in a monocot and dicot.
|