Multiple Choice Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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A plant is a(an)
a. | unicellular prokaryote. | c. | unicellular
eukaryote. | b. | multicellular prokaryote. | d. | multicellular eukaryote. |
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2.
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all plants?
a. | are eukaryotic | c. | produce seeds | b. | have cell walls | d. | are
multicellular |
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3.
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To produce spores, all plants must undergo
a. | mitosis. | c. | fertilization. | b. | meiosis. | d. | asexual
reproduction. |
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4.
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Plants use the energy of sunlight to
a. | exchange gases with the atmosphere. | c. | carry out cellular
respiration. | b. | take in water from the soil. | d. | carry out
photosynthesis. |
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5.
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Without gas exchange, a plant would be unable to
a. | make food. | c. | make minerals. | b. | absorb sunlight. | d. | absorb water from the
soil. |
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6.
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Which of the following is true?
a. | Plants have adaptations that minimize light absorption. | b. | Plants require less
water on sunny days. | c. | Plants get the water they need from the
soil. | d. | Plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and do not use
oxygen. |
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7.
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Living on land required that plants
a. | evolve photosynthetic pigments. | c. | exchange gases. | b. | conserve
water. | d. | have cell
walls. |
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8.
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Which of the following statements is true about bryophytes?
a. | They have specialized tissues that conduct water. | b. | They draw up water
by osmosis. | c. | They are not highly dependent on water. | d. | They are a group of
plants made up of algae and mosses. |
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9.
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Of the following locations, you would be most likely to find mosses growing
in
a. | hot, dry, mineral-poor soil. | c. | low, shaded ground near a small
pond. | b. | sandy soil near a beach. | d. | high, exposed ground with direct sun. |
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10.
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Because bryophytes do not have vascular tissue, they
a. | obtain all their water from the surrounding air. | b. | have true roots,
stems, and leaves. | c. | show alternation of
generations. | d. | grow close to the ground. |
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11.
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Which one of the following structures has functions similar to that of
roots?
a. | gemma | c. | capsule | b. | rhizoid | d. | stalk |
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12.
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In liverworts, the structures that produce eggs and sperm look like
a. | fronds. | c. | liver. | b. | horns. | d. | tiny green
umbrellas. |
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13.
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Which of the following is true about mosses?
a. | They are the least common bryophytes. | b. | Long, thin cells called rhizoids anchor them in
the ground. | c. | They are very rare in polar regions. | d. | Some mosses form clumps of green sporophytes
growing together. |
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14.
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What is the sperm-producing structure of a bryophyte?
a. | gemma | c. | rhizoid | b. | archegonium | d. | antheridium |
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15.
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Which of the following is LEAST related to the others?
a. | protonema | c. | gametophyte | b. | sporophyte | d. | rhizoid |
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16.
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The immediate result of fertilization in mosses is a(an)
a. | gametophyte. | c. | antheridium. | b. | zygote. | d. | spore. |
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17.
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Which of the following includes all the others?
a. | xylem | c. | phloem | b. | vascular tissue | d. | tracheids |
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18.
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Xylem and phloem are NOT
a. | conducting tissues. | c. | present in bryophytes. | b. | vascular
tissues. | d. | present in
ferns. |
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19.
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Xylem tissue is important to ferns because it
a. | can conduct water over long distances. | b. | allows water to diffuse into the
roots. | c. | carries carbohydrates to all parts of the plant. | d. | allows ferns to
reproduce in dry environments. |
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20.
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Horsetails do NOT
a. | have xylem tissue. | c. | have roots. | b. | produce seeds. | d. | have phloem
tissue. |
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21.
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Which of the following structures in ferns is diploid?
a. | gametophyte | c. | egg | b. | sporangium | d. | spore |
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22.
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How is the fern life cycle different from the moss life cycle?
a. | A fern gametophyte always has both archegonia and antheridia. | b. | The young
gametophyte is haploid. | c. | The mature sporophyte is
diploid. | d. | The mature sporophyte grows from the gametophyte. |
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23.
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Which of the following includes a plant embryo, a food supply, and a protective
covering?
a. | pollen grain | c. | seed | b. | spore | d. | gametophyte |
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24.
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The gametophytes of gymnosperms are found inside reproductive structures
called
a. | flowers. | c. | embryos. | b. | cones. | d. | angiosperms. |
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25.
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Which of the following statements is true?
a. | Seed plants grow only where seedless plants cannot grow. | b. | The evolution of
seed plants caused many species of mosses and ferns to become extinct. | c. | Early seed plants
were successful because they were adapted to moist environments. | d. | There are no fossils
of early seed plants. |
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26.
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The four groups of gymnosperms are conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, and
a. | bryophytes. | c. | liverworts. | b. | horsetails. | d. | gnetophytes. |
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27.
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Angiosperms produce seeds inside protective structures called
a. | pollen grains. | c. | ovaries. | b. | cones. | d. | petals. |
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28.
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Which term below is least closely related to the others?
a. | fruit | c. | ovary | b. | seed | d. | cone |
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29.
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An example of a monocot is a
a. | tomato. | c. | rose. | b. | lily. | d. | daisy. |
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30.
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Which type of plant lives the longest?
a. | annual | c. | perennial | b. | biennial | d. | seasonal |
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Modified True/False Indicate
whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
statement true.
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31.
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Losing excessive amounts of water through evaporation may affect a plant’s
ability to carry out photosynthesis. _________________________
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38
Figure
22–1
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32.
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Figure 22–1 shows the evolutionary relationship of the major plant
groups living on Earth today. _________________________
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33.
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Bryophytes are low-growing because they lack vascular tissue.
_________________________
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34.
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Bryophytes include ferns, liverworts, and hornworts.
_________________________
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35.
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Having archegonia and antheridia located on the same moss plant would help
ensure fertilization. _________________________
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36.
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Xylem tissue transports solutions of nutrients and carbohydrates produced
by photosynthesis. _________________________
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37.
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The thick cell walls of tracheids prevent the cells from bulging when
water moves through them. _________________________
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38.
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A frond is part of a fern’s haploid stage.
_________________________
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39.
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If a seed has two cotyledons, it will have fibrous roots.
_________________________
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40.
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Biennials are pollinated during their first year of growth.
_________________________
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Completion Complete each
statement.
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38
Figure
22–1
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41.
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According to Figure 22–1, cone-bearing plants evolved before
____________________.
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42.
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The process by which bryophytes draw water into their cells from the environment
is called ____________________.
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43.
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In moss plants, the diploid zygote is the beginning of the ____________________
stage of the life cycle.
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44.
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Most seeds can survive extreme heat for long periods because they have a(an)
____________________.
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45.
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Farmers must plant wheat each year because wheat is a(an)
____________________.
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Short Answer
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46.
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How are the rhizoids of mosses similar to roots? How are they different?
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47.
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Why are the roots, stems, and leaves of ferns and their relatives considered to
be true?
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48.
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Describe the structure of a fern gametophyte.
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49.
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What could cause an angiosperm seedling to grow a long distance from the
location of its parent plant?
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50.
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Contrast the number of cotyledons in a monocot and dicot.
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