Name: 
 

Ch 20 - Protista Test - Open Book


Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
A protist is any organism that is not a plant, an animal, a fungus, or a(an)
a.
eukaryote.
c.
eubacterium.
b.
prokaryote.
d.
archaebacterium.
 

 2. 
Most protists are
a.
prokaryotes.
c.
archaebacteria.
b.
unicellular.
d.
anaerobic.
 

 3. 
According to Lynn Margulis, eukaryotic cells may have evolved from
a.
a symbiosis of several cells.
c.
chloroplasts that grew very large.
b.
mitochondria that grew very large.
d.
plants, animals, and fungi.
 

 4. 
Classifying a certain protist, such as Spirogyra, as a plantlike protist is problematic because
a.
it is not clear how Spirogyra obtains nutrition.
b.
Spirogyra forms long, threadlike colonies.
c.
Spirogyra belongs in more than one group.
d.
the category does not reflect Spirogyra’s evolutionary history.
 

 5. 
In an amoeba, a small cavity within the cytoplasm that stores food is called a
a.
gullet.
c.
food vacuole.
b.
pseudopod.
d.
contractile vacuole.
 

 6. 
To which phylum do amoebas, foraminiferans, and heliozoans belong?
a.
sarcodines
c.
sporozoans
b.
ciliates
d.
pseudopods
 

 7. 
The sporozoan Plasmodium causes the disease known as
a.
African sleeping sickness.
c.
malaria.
b.
amebic dysentery.
d.
algal bloom.
 

 8. 
Which of the following diseases does the animal-like protist known as Entamoeba cause?
a.
malaria
c.
amebic dysentery
b.
African sleeping sickness
d.
potato blight
 

 9. 
Protists living inside termites
a.
infect the termites with disease.
b.
prevent the termite from digesting wood.
c.
produce the enzyme cellulase.
d.
recycle nutrients by decomposing organic matter.
 

 10. 
Which substances allow algae to harvest and use the energy from sunlight?
a.
cilium and fucoxanthin
c.
phycobilin and flagellum
b.
chlorophyll and accessory pigments
d.
oogonium and antheridium
 

 11. 
Chlorophyll a is best at absorbing
a.
blue light.
c.
yellow and green light.
b.
green light.
d.
red and violet light.
 

 12. 
What effect did the evolution of different forms of chlorophyll in algae have?
a.
a decrease in the range of depths at which algae can live
b.
an increase in the range of depths at which algae can live
c.
no effect on the range of depths at which algae can live
d.
a reduction in the photosynthetic capacity of algae
 

 13. 
Members of the phylum Chrysophyta contain chloroplasts of what color?
a.
green
c.
red
b.
gold
d.
silver
 

 14. 
Which of the following structures would NOT be found in a Euglenophyte?
a.
cell wall
b.
flagellum
c.
eyespot
d.
pellicle
 

 15. 
Which of the statements is true about dinoflagellates?
a.
They contain bright yellow pigments.
b.
They can be both photosynthetic and heterotrophic.
c.
Many species are luminescent.
d.
They possess pillbox-shaped cell walls of silica.
 

 16. 
What do the members of the phylum Pyrrophyta have in common with many of the members of the phylum Chrysophyta?
a.
They have cell walls of cellulose.
b.
They have cell walls of silica.
c.
They have pellicles.
d.
They can be both photosynthetic and heterotrophic.
 

 17. 
A bloom is
a.
the clouding of water by sewage.
b.
an enormous mass of algae.
c.
a symbiotic relationship between algae and coral.
d.
none of the above
 

 18. 
Phytoplankton are only found at the surface of ocean waters because
a.
they feed on tiny organisms living at the surface.
b.
they are an important food source to surface-dwelling marine organisms.
c.
they require sunlight to carry out photosynthesis.
d.
they cannot withstand the colder temperatures of deep water.
 

 19. 
Which organism would most likely be present in a water sample collected during a red tide?
a.
Tridacna
c.
Gonyaulax
b.
Euglenophyta
d.
diatoms
 

 20. 
What effect does a red tide have on humans?
a.
All the fish in the area die, causing local fishermen to lose money.
b.
It is unhealthy to swim in the ocean during a red tide.
c.
The protists help clean up wastes discharged by local sewage pipes.
d.
Eating poisoned shellfish from affected waters can cause sickness and death to humans.
 

 21. 
Giant kelp, the largest known species of algae, is a type of
a.
brown algae.
c.
red alage.
b.
green algae.
d.
diatom.
 

 22. 
What characteristic of plants is shared by green algae?
a.
cell wall composition
c.
multicellularity
b.
photosynthetic pigments
d.
all of the above
 

 23. 
Red algae lack flagella and
a.
nuclei.
c.
accessory pigments.
b.
centrioles.
d.
chlorophyll.
 

 24. 
Many algae switch back and forth between diploid and haploid stages during their life cycle in a process known as
a.
alternation of generations.
c.
sexual reproduction.
b.
fusion of opposite mating types.
d.
asexual reproduction.
 

 25. 
The green alga Chlamydomonas reproduces asexually by producing
a.
gametophytes.
c.
zygotes.
b.
sporophytes.
d.
zoospores.
 

 26. 
In the life cycle of the green alga Ulva, one of the phases produces male and female gametes known as
a.
sporophytes.
c.
spores.
b.
gametophytes.
d.
zoospores.
 

 27. 
An argument that does NOT support the classification of multicellular green algae as plants is that multicellular green algae
a.
have highly specialized tissues.
b.
live primarily in water.
c.
display alternation of generations.
d.
contain chlorophyll a, which makes them green.
 

 28. 
Why are algae considered one of the most important groups of organisms on our planet?
a.
They are rich in vitamin C.
b.
They produce chemicals that are used to treat health problems.
c.
They produce much of Earth’s oxygen through photosynthesis.
d.
They produce chemicals that are used to make plastics, waxes, and paints.
 

 29. 
Some products derived from algae include
a.
drugs for stomach ulcers and high blood pressure.
b.
thickeners for food.
c.
chemicals in plastics, waxes, paints, and lubricants.
d.
all of the above
 

 30. 
Approximately what percent of all the photosynthesis on Earth is carried out by algae?
a.
0%
c.
50%
b.
25%
d.
100%
 

 31. 
Which of the following series of groups contains only funguslike protists?
a.
cellular slime molds, brown algae, water molds
b.
cellular slime molds, acellular slime molds, water molds
c.
cellular slime molds, acellular slime molds, animal-like protists
d.
cellular slime molds, fungi, water molds
 

 32. 
Funguslike protists get nutrients by
a.
photosynthesis.
b.
living as an animal parasite.
c.
absorbing them from dead or decaying matter.
d.
none of the above
 

 33. 
Which characteristic distinguishes funguslike protists from fungi?
a.
Fungi have centrioles.
c.
Fungi have cell walls made of chitin.
b.
Funguslike protists grow in damp places.
d.
Funguslike protists absorb food through their cell membranes.
 

 34. 
The funguslike protists that thrive on dead or decaying organic matter in water, some of which are plant parasites on land, are
a.
water molds.
c.
cellular slime molds.
b.
acellular slime molds.
d.
true fungi.
 

 35. 
When the amoeba-like cells of acellular slime molds fuse, they form structures with many nuclei called
a.
plasmodia.
c.
spores.
b.
zoosporangia.
d.
filaments.
 

 36. 
In oomycetes, sexual reproduction takes place in the
a.
migrating colony.
c.
antheridium and oogonium.
b.
sporangium.
d.
zoosporangium.
 

 37. 
What important role do funguslike protists play in an ecosystem?
a.
decomposer
c.
blight
b.
photosynthesizer
d.
pathogen
 

 38. 
The work of funguslike protists and other decomposers is important in improving the quality of
a.
salt water.
c.
topsoil.
b.
fresh water.
d.
potato crops.
 

 39. 
What kinds of weather conditions might cause a farmer to worry about infection by Phytophthora infestans?
a.
warm and dry
c.
warm and wet
b.
cool and dry
d.
cool and wet
 

 40. 
A mildewed grape crop might be caused by a(an)
a.
cellular slime mold.
c.
water mold.
b.
acellular slime mold.
d.
none of the above
 

Modified True/False (Value 15)
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
 

 41. 
Protists are a diverse group of mainly multicellular eukaryotes. _________________________

 

 42. 
Ciliates use flagella for feeding and movement. _________________________

 

 43. 
If the people in a town contracted amebic dysentery or infections by the animallike protist, Giardia, the most likely cause would be contaminated drinking water. _________________________

 

 44. 
There are four types of chlorophyll, which are able to absorb different wavelengths of light. _________________________

 

 45. 
The cell walls of diatoms are rich in cellulose. _________________________

 

 46. 
A high level of certain toxins found in filter feeders, such as clams, may be a sign that an algal bloom has occurred. _________________________

 

 47. 
The holdfast of a brown alga helps keep it upright in the water. _________________________

 

 48. 
Members of the phylum Rhodophyta contain the accessory pigment phycobilin. _________________________

 

 49. 
Chlamydomonas produces male and female gametes. _________________________

 

 50. 
Dried Porphyran, called nori in Japanese, is a green alga. _________________________

 

 51. 
Funguslike protists are autotrophs. _________________________

 

 52. 
Slime molds are funguslike protists that play key roles in recycling organic matter. _________________________

 

 53. 
Unlike fungi, water molds produce flagellated spores. _________________________

 

 54. 
Unlike many others in the same phylum, the spores of the Myxomycota that caused potato blight in nineteenth-century Ireland are airborne. _________________________

 

Completion (Value 5)
Complete each statement.
 

 55. 
Eukaryotes that are not members of the kingdoms Plantae, Animalia, or Fungi are considered ____________________.
 

 

 56. 
The sporozoan Plasmodium, carried from host to host by mosquitoes, causes ____________________, a very serious infectious disease.
 

 

 57. 
A fish-eating bear indirectly relies on _________________________ protists for food.
 

 

 58. 
In Ulva, the haploid reproductive cells are called spores; these are analogous to the ____________________ of Chlamydomonas.
 

 

 59. 
Close examination of a colony of individuals of the phylum Acrasiomycota would reveal that they retain their ____________________, unlike organisms of the phylum Myxomycota.
 

 

Short Answer. Answer 5 of the 6 short answer questions below. (Value 10)
 

 60. 
In the six-kingdom system of classification, protists compose a single kingdom. Describe an alternate view of this classification.
 

 61. 
How do sporozoans differ from other protists in terms of movement?
 

 62. 
List two protist-caused diseases spread by insects and name the protists that are responsible for the disease.
 

 63. 
What is the advantage to algae of having forms of chlorophyll other than chlorophyll a?
 

 64. 
What is the primary difference between cellular slime molds and acellular slime molds?
 

 65. 
List one way that water molds can be helpful to people and one way they can be harmful.
 



 
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