Multiple Choice Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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A protist is any organism that is not a plant, an animal, a fungus, or
a(an)
a. | eukaryote. | c. | eubacterium. | b. | prokaryote. | d. | archaebacterium. |
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2.
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Most protists are
a. | prokaryotes. | c. | archaebacteria. | b. | unicellular. | d. | anaerobic. |
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3.
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According to Lynn Margulis, eukaryotic cells may have evolved from
a. | a symbiosis of several cells. | c. | chloroplasts that grew very
large. | b. | mitochondria that grew very large. | d. | plants, animals, and
fungi. |
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4.
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Classifying a certain protist, such as Spirogyra, as a plantlike protist
is problematic because
a. | it is not clear how Spirogyra obtains nutrition. | b. | Spirogyra
forms long, threadlike colonies. | c. | Spirogyra belongs in more than one
group. | d. | the category does not reflect Spirogyra’s evolutionary
history. |
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5.
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In an amoeba, a small cavity within the cytoplasm that stores food is called
a
a. | gullet. | c. | food vacuole. | b. | pseudopod. | d. | contractile
vacuole. |
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6.
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To which phylum do amoebas, foraminiferans, and heliozoans belong?
a. | sarcodines | c. | sporozoans | b. | ciliates | d. | pseudopods |
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7.
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The sporozoan Plasmodium causes the disease known as
a. | African sleeping sickness. | c. | malaria. | b. | amebic
dysentery. | d. | algal
bloom. |
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8.
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Which of the following diseases does the animal-like protist known as
Entamoeba cause?
a. | malaria | c. | amebic dysentery | b. | African sleeping sickness | d. | potato blight |
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9.
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Protists living inside termites
a. | infect the termites with disease. | b. | prevent the termite from digesting
wood. | c. | produce the enzyme cellulase. | d. | recycle nutrients by decomposing organic
matter. |
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10.
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Which substances allow algae to harvest and use the energy from sunlight?
a. | cilium and fucoxanthin | c. | phycobilin and flagellum | b. | chlorophyll and
accessory pigments | d. | oogonium
and antheridium |
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11.
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Chlorophyll a is best at absorbing
a. | blue light. | c. | yellow and green light. | b. | green
light. | d. | red and violet
light. |
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12.
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What effect did the evolution of different forms of chlorophyll in algae
have?
a. | a decrease in the range of depths at which algae can live | b. | an increase in the
range of depths at which algae can live | c. | no effect on the range of depths at which algae
can live | d. | a reduction in the photosynthetic capacity of algae |
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13.
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Members of the phylum Chrysophyta contain chloroplasts of what color?
a. | green | c. | red | b. | gold | d. | silver |
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14.
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Which of the following structures would NOT be found in a Euglenophyte?
a. | cell wall | b. | flagellum | c. | eyespot | d. | pellicle |
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15.
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Which of the statements is true about dinoflagellates?
a. | They contain bright yellow pigments. | b. | They can be both photosynthetic and
heterotrophic. | c. | Many species are luminescent. | d. | They possess pillbox-shaped cell walls of
silica. |
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16.
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What do the members of the phylum Pyrrophyta have in common with many of the
members of the phylum Chrysophyta?
a. | They have cell walls of cellulose. | b. | They have cell walls of
silica. | c. | They have pellicles. | d. | They can be both photosynthetic and
heterotrophic. |
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17.
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A bloom is
a. | the clouding of water by sewage. | b. | an enormous mass of algae. | c. | a symbiotic
relationship between algae and coral. | d. | none of the
above |
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18.
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Phytoplankton are only found at the surface of ocean waters because
a. | they feed on tiny organisms living at the surface. | b. | they are an
important food source to surface-dwelling marine organisms. | c. | they require
sunlight to carry out photosynthesis. | d. | they cannot withstand the colder temperatures
of deep water. |
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19.
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Which organism would most likely be present in a water sample collected during a
red tide?
a. | Tridacna | c. | Gonyaulax | b. | Euglenophyta | d. | diatoms |
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20.
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What effect does a red tide have on humans?
a. | All the fish in the area die, causing local fishermen to lose
money. | b. | It is unhealthy to swim in the ocean during a red tide. | c. | The protists help
clean up wastes discharged by local sewage pipes. | d. | Eating poisoned shellfish from affected waters
can cause sickness and death to humans. |
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21.
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Giant kelp, the largest known species of algae, is a type of
a. | brown algae. | c. | red alage. | b. | green algae. | d. | diatom. |
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22.
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What characteristic of plants is shared by green algae?
a. | cell wall composition | c. | multicellularity | b. | photosynthetic pigments | d. | all of the
above |
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23.
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Red algae lack flagella and
a. | nuclei. | c. | accessory pigments. | b. | centrioles. | d. | chlorophyll. |
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24.
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Many algae switch back and forth between diploid and haploid stages during their
life cycle in a process known as
a. | alternation of generations. | c. | sexual
reproduction. | b. | fusion of opposite mating types. | d. | asexual
reproduction. |
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25.
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The green alga Chlamydomonas reproduces asexually by producing
a. | gametophytes. | c. | zygotes. | b. | sporophytes. | d. | zoospores. |
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26.
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In the life cycle of the green alga Ulva, one of the phases produces male
and female gametes known as
a. | sporophytes. | c. | spores. | b. | gametophytes. | d. | zoospores. |
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27.
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An argument that does NOT support the classification of multicellular green
algae as plants is that multicellular green algae
a. | have highly specialized tissues. | b. | live primarily in water. | c. | display alternation
of generations. | d. | contain chlorophyll a, which makes them green. |
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28.
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Why are algae considered one of the most important groups of organisms on our
planet?
a. | They are rich in vitamin C. | b. | They produce chemicals that are used to treat
health problems. | c. | They produce much of Earth’s oxygen through photosynthesis. | d. | They produce
chemicals that are used to make plastics, waxes, and paints. |
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29.
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Some products derived from algae include
a. | drugs for stomach ulcers and high blood pressure. | b. | thickeners for
food. | c. | chemicals in plastics, waxes, paints, and lubricants. | d. | all of the
above |
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30.
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Approximately what percent of all the photosynthesis on Earth is carried out by
algae?
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31.
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Which of the following series of groups contains only funguslike
protists?
a. | cellular slime molds, brown algae, water molds | b. | cellular slime
molds, acellular slime molds, water molds | c. | cellular slime molds, acellular slime molds,
animal-like protists | d. | cellular slime molds, fungi, water
molds |
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32.
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Funguslike protists get nutrients by
a. | photosynthesis. | b. | living as an animal
parasite. | c. | absorbing them from dead or decaying matter. | d. | none of the
above |
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33.
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Which characteristic distinguishes funguslike protists from fungi?
a. | Fungi have centrioles. | c. | Fungi have cell walls made of chitin. | b. | Funguslike protists
grow in damp places. | d. | Funguslike protists absorb food through their cell
membranes. |
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34.
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The funguslike protists that thrive on dead or decaying organic matter in water,
some of which are plant parasites on land, are
a. | water molds. | c. | cellular slime molds. | b. | acellular slime
molds. | d. | true
fungi. |
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35.
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When the amoeba-like cells of acellular slime molds fuse, they form structures
with many nuclei called
a. | plasmodia. | c. | spores. | b. | zoosporangia. | d. | filaments. |
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36.
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In oomycetes, sexual reproduction takes place in the
a. | migrating colony. | c. | antheridium and oogonium. | b. | sporangium. | d. | zoosporangium. |
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37.
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What important role do funguslike protists play in an ecosystem?
a. | decomposer | c. | blight | b. | photosynthesizer | d. | pathogen |
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38.
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The work of funguslike protists and other decomposers is important in improving
the quality of
a. | salt water. | c. | topsoil. | b. | fresh water. | d. | potato crops. |
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39.
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What kinds of weather conditions might cause a farmer to worry about infection
by Phytophthora infestans?
a. | warm and dry | c. | warm and wet | b. | cool and dry | d. | cool and wet |
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40.
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A mildewed grape crop might be caused by a(an)
a. | cellular slime mold. | c. | water mold. | b. | acellular slime mold. | d. | none of the
above |
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Modified True/False (Value 15) Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false,
change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
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41.
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Protists are a diverse group of mainly multicellular eukaryotes.
_________________________
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42.
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Ciliates use flagella for feeding and movement.
_________________________
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43.
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If the people in a town contracted amebic dysentery or infections by the
animallike protist, Giardia, the most likely cause would be contaminated drinking
water. _________________________
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44.
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There are four types of chlorophyll, which are able to absorb different
wavelengths of light. _________________________
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45.
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The cell walls of diatoms are rich in cellulose.
_________________________
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46.
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A high level of certain toxins found in filter feeders, such as clams, may be a
sign that an algal bloom has occurred. _________________________
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47.
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The holdfast of a brown alga helps keep it upright in the water.
_________________________
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48.
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Members of the phylum Rhodophyta contain the accessory pigment
phycobilin. _________________________
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49.
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Chlamydomonas produces male and female gametes.
_________________________
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50.
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Dried Porphyran, called nori in Japanese, is a green alga.
_________________________
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51.
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Funguslike protists are autotrophs. _________________________
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52.
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Slime molds are funguslike protists that play key roles in recycling
organic matter. _________________________
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53.
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Unlike fungi, water molds produce flagellated spores.
_________________________
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54.
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Unlike many others in the same phylum, the spores of the Myxomycota that
caused potato blight in nineteenth-century Ireland are airborne. _________________________
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Completion (Value 5) Complete
each statement.
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55.
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Eukaryotes that are not members of the kingdoms Plantae, Animalia, or Fungi are
considered ____________________.
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56.
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The sporozoan Plasmodium, carried from host to host by mosquitoes, causes
____________________, a very serious infectious disease.
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57.
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A fish-eating bear indirectly relies on _________________________ protists for
food.
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58.
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In Ulva, the haploid reproductive cells are called spores; these are
analogous to the ____________________ of Chlamydomonas.
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59.
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Close examination of a colony of individuals of the phylum Acrasiomycota would
reveal that they retain their ____________________, unlike organisms of the phylum Myxomycota.
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Short Answer. Answer 5 of the 6 short answer questions below. (Value
10)
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60.
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In the six-kingdom system of classification, protists compose a single kingdom.
Describe an alternate view of this classification.
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61.
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How do sporozoans differ from other protists in terms of movement?
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62.
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List two protist-caused diseases spread by insects and name the protists that
are responsible for the disease.
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63.
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What is the advantage to algae of having forms of chlorophyll other than
chlorophyll a?
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64.
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What is the primary difference between cellular slime molds and acellular slime
molds?
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65.
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List one way that water molds can be helpful to people and one way they can be
harmful.
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